Logo PROBLEMS
OF MODERN
ECONOMICS
Start Page
News
Information About the Journal
About the Editor-in-chief
Advertising
Contacts
EURASIAN INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC-ANALYTICAL EDITION Russian
Thematic profile of the Journal
The latest
Issue
Announcement
Issues List
Find
Editorial Council
Editorial Board
Magazine Representatives
Article Submission Guidelines
PROBLEMS OF MODERN ECONOMICS, N 1 (97), 2026
FINANCE AND CREDIT SYSTEM: BUDGET, CURRENCY AND CREDIT REGULATION OF ECONOMY, INVESTMENT RESOURCES
Zhang Wenyi
PhD student, Chair of Credit Theory and Financial Management, Department of Economics, St. Petersburg State University

Identification and measurement of financial risks in the context of green finance
(Russia, St. Petersburg)
The article demonstrates for the role of carbon policy and carbon price as key scenario variables in the context of carbon peaking targets, carbon neutrality and the rapid development of green finance. The author proposes an integrated framework for identifying and measuring financial risks based on the DCC-GARCH, GARCH–EVT models and MES indicators, and discusses possible directions for its application in green financial regulation and macroprudential policy in China.
Key words: China, green finance, carbon price, carbon policy, extreme risk, DCC-GARCH, GARCH–EVT, MES
Pages: 86 - 90



Ñïèñîê èñïîëüçîâàííûõ èñòî÷íèêîâ:
1. Giglio S., Kelly B., Stroebel J. Climate Finance // Annual Review of Financial Economics. — 2021. — Vol. 13. — P. 15–36.
2. Battiston S., Mandel A., Monasterolo I., Schütze F., Visentin G. A Climate Stress-Test of the Financial System // Nature Climate Change. — 2017. — Vol. 7, No. 4. — P. 283–288.
3. Bolton P., Kacperczyk M. Do Investors Care About Carbon Risk? // Journal of Financial Economics. — 2021. — Vol. 142, No. 2. — P. 517–549.
4. Allen T., Tankov P. Editorial: Advances in Green Finance Research // Review of World Economics. — 2025. — DOI: 10.1007/s10290–025–00621–4.
5. Ñèòíèê À.À. «Çåë¸íûå» ôèíàíñû: ïîíÿòèå è ñèñòåìà // Âåñòíèê ýêîíîìè÷åñêîãî ïðàâîñóäèÿ Ðîññèéñêîé Ôåäåðàöèè. — 2022. — ¹ 2. — Ñ. 63–80.
6. Engle R.F., Giglio S., Kelly B., Lee H., Stroebel J. Hedging Climate Change News // The Review of Financial Studies. — 2020. — Vol. 33, No. 3. — P. 1184–1216.
7. Huynh T. D., Xia Y. Climate Change News Risk and Corporate Bond Returns // Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis. — 2021. — Vol. 56, No. 6. — P. 1985–2009.
8. Pástor Ľ., Stambaugh R. F., Taylor L. A. Dissecting Green Returns // Journal of Financial Economics. — 2022. — Vol. 146, No. 2. — P. 403–424.
9. Flammer C. Corporate Green Bonds // Journal of Financial Economics. — 2021. — Vol. 142, No. 2. — P. 499–516.
10. Antoniuk Y., Leirvik T., Torsvik M. Climate Transition Risk and the Impact on Green Bonds //Journal of Risk and Financial Management. — 2021. — Vol. 14, No. 12. — P. 597.
11. Engle R. F. Dynamic Conditional Correlation: A Simple Class of Multivariate GARCH Models // Journal of Business & Economic Statistics. — 2002. — Vol. 20, No. 3. — P. 339–350.
12. McNeil A. J., Frey R. Estimation of Tail-Related Risk Measures for Heteroscedastic Financial Time Series: An Extreme Value Approach // Journal of Empirical Finance. — 2000. — Vol. 7, No. 3–4. — P. 271–300.
13. Youssef M., Belkacem L., Mokni K. Value-at-Risk Estimation of Energy Commodities: A Long-Memory GARCH–EVT Approach // Energy Economics. — 2015. — Vol. 51. — P. 99–110.
14. Li T., Zhang Z.G., Zhao L.T. Estimating the Portfolio Risk with Copula-GARCH-EVT Method: Empirical Study of Carbon Market // Advanced Materials Research. — 2013. — Vol. 791–793. — P. 2175–2178.
15. Acharya V.V., Pedersen L.H., Philippon T., Richardson M. Measuring Systemic Risk // The Review of Financial Studies. — 2017. — Vol. 30, No. 1. — P. 2–47.
16. Adrian T., Brunnermeier M.K. CoVaR // American Economic Review. — 2016. — Vol. 106, No. 7. — P. 1705–1741.
17. Jiang Jingjing, Ye Bing, Ma Xin. Risk Measurement of Carbon Spot Market Based on GARCH-EVT-VaR Model // Journal of Peking University (Natural Science Edition). — 2015. — Vol. 51, No. 3. — P. 511–517.
18. Wang Zongrun, Niu Yaxin, Ren Xiaohang. How Does Climate Change Affect Financial Systemic Risk? Dual Evidence from Extreme Climate Events and Green (Brown) Assets // Journal of Econometrics. — 2024. — Vol. 4, No.4. — P. 1009–1030.
19. Liu Shan, Ma Lili. The Impact of Green Finance on the Green Transformation of Manufacturing Enterprises // Resources Science. — 2023. — Vol. 45, No. 10. — P. 1992–2008.
20. Han Xianfeng, et al. The Carbon Emission Reduction Effect of Green Finance Development // Resources Science. — 2023. — Vol. 45, No. 4. — P. 843–856.
21. Lyu Chengchao, Jiang Yanjie, He Jiahao. The Carbon Emission Reduction Effect of Green Finance Policies: Evidence from Green Finance Reform and Innovation Pilot Zones // Chinese Journal of Management Science. — 2025. — No. 3. — P. 360–368.
22. Äåãòÿðåâà È.Â., Øàëèíà Î.È., Íåó÷åâà Ì.Þ. Çåë¸íîå ôèíàíñèðîâàíèå: ìèðîâîé è ðîññèéñêèé îïûò // Óôèìñêèé ãóìàíèòàðíûé íàó÷íûé ôîðóì. — 2024. — ¹ 2. — Ñ. 45–56.
23. ×õàí Ì.Â. Çåë¸íûå ôèíàíñû êàê èíñòðóìåíò îáåñïå÷åíèÿ ôèíàíñîâîé óñòîé÷èâîñòè â ÅÑ // Âåñòíèê ÌÃÈÌÎ-Óíèâåðñèòåòà. — 2021. — ¹ 5(80). — Ñ. 224–231.
24. Ðàêîâ È.Ä. Ìåõàíèçìû ïîääåðæêè ôèíàíñèðîâàíèÿ «çåë¸íûõ» ïðîåêòîâ: îïûò ñòðàí // Ðîññèéñêèé æóðíàë ýêîíîìèêè è ïðàâà. — 2017. — Ò. 11, ¹ 2. — Ñ. 67–82.
25. Äðîáûø Î.Þ. Ñîâðåìåííûå ìåòîäû ðàñ÷¸òà âåëè÷èíû Value at Risk // Ýêîíîìè÷åñêèé àíàëèç: òåîðèÿ è ïðàêòèêà. — 2018. — Ò. 17, ¹ 3. — Ñ. 505–519.
26. Áàðûøåâà Ã.À., Ìàðêîâ À.Ñ., Ìèöåëü À.À. Îöåíêà VaR ïðè íåãàóññîâîì ðàñïðåäåëåíèè äîõîäíîñòåé àêòèâîâ // Economics: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. — 2020. — Vol. 10, No. 2. — P. 67–84.
27. Äîâáèé È.Ï. Ôèíàíñîâûå è ýêîíîìè÷åñêèå óñëîâèÿ ýíåðãîïåðåõîäà äëÿ íàöèîíàëüíîé ýêîíîìèêè // Ôèíàíñîâûé æóðíàë. — 2022. — Ò. 14, ¹ 5. — Ñ. 25–42.
28. ßêîâëåâ È.À., Êàáèð Ë.Ñ., Íèêóëèíà Ñ.È. Íàöèîíàëüíàÿ ñòðàòåãèÿ ôèíàíñèðîâàíèÿ ýíåðãîïåðåõîäà: îöåíêà âîçìîæíîñòåé è ïîèñê ðåøåíèé // Ôèíàíñîâûé æóðíàë. — 2022. — Ò. 14, ¹5. — Ñ. 9–24.
29. Ðóöêèé Â.Í., Ôèëèïïîâ È.À. Âçàèìîñâÿçü óðîâíÿ áåäíîñòè è ôàêòîðîâ çåë¸íîé ýêîíîìèêè â ñòðàíàõ Åâðîïåéñêîãî ñîþçà // Ôèíàíñîâûé æóðíàë. — 2022. — Ò. 14, ¹ 1. — Ñ. 56–70.
30. Âèíîãðàäîâà Ò.È. Èíñòðóìåíòàðèé çåë¸íîãî áþäæåòèðîâàíèÿ è ïðàêòè÷åñêèé îïûò åãî èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ // Ôèíàíñîâûé æóðíàë. — 2023. — Ò. 15, ¹ 4. — Ñ. 82–97.
31. Ñîêîëîâ Á.È. Èíâåñòèöèîííî-ôèíàíñîâîå êðåäèòîâàíèå è ñîçäàíèå äîëãîâîé ýêîíîìèêè // Ïðîáëåìû ñîâðåìåííîé ýêîíîìèêè. — 2008. — ¹2(26). — Ñ. 361–368.
32. Ñîêîëîâ Á.È. Èíñòèòóòû ôèíàíñîâîé èíôîðìàöèè // Ôèíàíñû è êðåäèò. — 2013. — ¹31(559). — Ñ. 2–16.

Article in russian

Back to the issue content

Copyright © Problems of Modern Economics 2002 - 2026